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list_ports_windows.py
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#! python # # Enumerate serial ports on Windows including a human readable description # and hardware information. # # This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial # (C) 2001-2016 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net> # # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause from __future__ import absolute_import # pylint: disable=invalid-name,too-few-public-methods import re import ctypes from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL from ctypes.wintypes import HWND from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD from ctypes.wintypes import WORD from ctypes.wintypes import LONG from ctypes.wintypes import ULONG from ctypes.wintypes import HKEY from ctypes.wintypes import BYTE import serial from serial.win32 import ULONG_PTR from serial.tools import list_ports_common def ValidHandle(value, func, arguments): if value == 0: raise ctypes.WinError() return value NULL = 0 HDEVINFO = ctypes.c_void_p LPCTSTR = ctypes.c_wchar_p PCTSTR = ctypes.c_wchar_p PTSTR = ctypes.c_wchar_p LPDWORD = PDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(DWORD) #~ LPBYTE = PBYTE = ctypes.POINTER(BYTE) LPBYTE = PBYTE = ctypes.c_void_p # XXX avoids error about types ACCESS_MASK = DWORD REGSAM = ACCESS_MASK class GUID(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [ ('Data1', DWORD), ('Data2', WORD), ('Data3', WORD), ('Data4', BYTE * 8), ] def __str__(self): return "{{{:08x}-{:04x}-{:04x}-{}-{}}}".format( self.Data1, self.Data2, self.Data3, ''.join(["{:02x}".format(d) for d in self.Data4[:2]]), ''.join(["{:02x}".format(d) for d in self.Data4[2:]]), ) class SP_DEVINFO_DATA(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [ ('cbSize', DWORD), ('ClassGuid', GUID), ('DevInst', DWORD), ('Reserved', ULONG_PTR), ] def __str__(self): return "ClassGuid:{} DevInst:{}".format(self.ClassGuid, self.DevInst) PSP_DEVINFO_DATA = ctypes.POINTER(SP_DEVINFO_DATA) PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA = ctypes.c_void_p setupapi = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("setupapi") SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList = setupapi.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList.argtypes = [HDEVINFO] SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList.restype = BOOL SetupDiClassGuidsFromName = setupapi.SetupDiClassGuidsFromNameW SetupDiClassGuidsFromName.argtypes = [PCTSTR, ctypes.POINTER(GUID), DWORD, PDWORD] SetupDiClassGuidsFromName.restype = BOOL SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo = setupapi.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, DWORD, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA] SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo.restype = BOOL SetupDiGetClassDevs = setupapi.SetupDiGetClassDevsW SetupDiGetClassDevs.argtypes = [ctypes.POINTER(GUID), PCTSTR, HWND, DWORD] SetupDiGetClassDevs.restype = HDEVINFO SetupDiGetClassDevs.errcheck = ValidHandle SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty = setupapi.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyW SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, DWORD, PDWORD, PBYTE, DWORD, PDWORD] SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty.restype = BOOL SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId = setupapi.SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceIdW SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, PTSTR, DWORD, PDWORD] SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId.restype = BOOL SetupDiOpenDevRegKey = setupapi.SetupDiOpenDevRegKey SetupDiOpenDevRegKey.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, DWORD, DWORD, DWORD, REGSAM] SetupDiOpenDevRegKey.restype = HKEY advapi32 = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("Advapi32") RegCloseKey = advapi32.RegCloseKey RegCloseKey.argtypes = [HKEY] RegCloseKey.restype = LONG RegQueryValueEx = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW RegQueryValueEx.argtypes = [HKEY, LPCTSTR, LPDWORD, LPDWORD, LPBYTE, LPDWORD] RegQueryValueEx.restype = LONG cfgmgr32 = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("Cfgmgr32") CM_Get_Parent = cfgmgr32.CM_Get_Parent CM_Get_Parent.argtypes = [PDWORD, DWORD, ULONG] CM_Get_Parent.restype = LONG CM_Get_Device_IDW = cfgmgr32.CM_Get_Device_IDW CM_Get_Device_IDW.argtypes = [DWORD, PTSTR, ULONG, ULONG] CM_Get_Device_IDW.restype = LONG CM_MapCrToWin32Err = cfgmgr32.CM_MapCrToWin32Err CM_MapCrToWin32Err.argtypes = [DWORD, DWORD] CM_MapCrToWin32Err.restype = DWORD DIGCF_PRESENT = 2 DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 16 INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = 0 ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 122 ERROR_NOT_FOUND = 1168 SPDRP_HARDWAREID = 1 SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME = 12 SPDRP_LOCATION_PATHS = 35 SPDRP_MFG = 11 DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL = 1 DIREG_DEV = 0x00000001 KEY_READ = 0x20019 MAX_USB_DEVICE_TREE_TRAVERSAL_DEPTH = 5 def get_parent_serial_number(child_devinst, child_vid, child_pid, depth=0, last_serial_number=None): """ Get the serial number of the parent of a device. Args: child_devinst: The device instance handle to get the parent serial number of. child_vid: The vendor ID of the child device. child_pid: The product ID of the child device. depth: The current iteration depth of the USB device tree. """ # If the traversal depth is beyond the max, abandon attempting to find the serial number. if depth > MAX_USB_DEVICE_TREE_TRAVERSAL_DEPTH: return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number # Get the parent device instance. devinst = DWORD() ret = CM_Get_Parent(ctypes.byref(devinst), child_devinst, 0) if ret: win_error = CM_MapCrToWin32Err(DWORD(ret), DWORD(0)) # If there is no parent available, the child was the root device. We cannot traverse # further. if win_error == ERROR_NOT_FOUND: return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number raise ctypes.WinError(win_error) # Get the ID of the parent device and parse it for vendor ID, product ID, and serial number. parentHardwareID = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250) ret = CM_Get_Device_IDW( devinst, parentHardwareID, ctypes.sizeof(parentHardwareID) - 1, 0) if ret: raise ctypes.WinError(CM_MapCrToWin32Err(DWORD(ret), DWORD(0))) parentHardwareID_str = parentHardwareID.value m = re.search(r'VID_([0-9a-f]{4})(&PID_([0-9a-f]{4}))?(&MI_(\d{2}))?(\\(.*))?', parentHardwareID_str, re.I) # return early if we have no matches (likely malformed serial, traversed too far) if not m: return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number vid = None pid = None serial_number = None if m.group(1): vid = int(m.group(1), 16) if m.group(3): pid = int(m.group(3), 16) if m.group(7): serial_number = m.group(7) # store what we found as a fallback for malformed serial values up the chain found_serial_number = serial_number # Check that the USB serial number only contains alpha-numeric characters. It may be a windows # device ID (ephemeral ID). if serial_number and not re.match(r'^\w+$', serial_number): serial_number = None if not vid or not pid: # If pid and vid are not available at this device level, continue to the parent. return get_parent_serial_number(devinst, child_vid, child_pid, depth + 1, found_serial_number) if pid != child_pid or vid != child_vid: # If the VID or PID has changed, we are no longer looking at the same physical device. The # serial number is unknown. return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number # In this case, the vid and pid of the parent device are identical to the child. However, if # there still isn't a serial number available, continue to the next parent. if not serial_number: return get_parent_serial_number(devinst, child_vid, child_pid, depth + 1, found_serial_number) # Finally, the VID and PID are identical to the child and a serial number is present, so return # it. return serial_number def iterate_comports(): """Return a generator that yields descriptions for serial ports""" PortsGUIDs = (GUID * 8)() # so far only seen one used, so hope 8 are enough... ports_guids_size = DWORD() if not SetupDiClassGuidsFromName( "Ports", PortsGUIDs, ctypes.sizeof(PortsGUIDs), ctypes.byref(ports_guids_size)): raise ctypes.WinError() ModemsGUIDs = (GUID * 8)() # so far only seen one used, so hope 8 are enough... modems_guids_size = DWORD() if not SetupDiClassGuidsFromName( "Modem", ModemsGUIDs, ctypes.sizeof(ModemsGUIDs), ctypes.byref(modems_guids_size)): raise ctypes.WinError() GUIDs = PortsGUIDs[:ports_guids_size.value] + ModemsGUIDs[:modems_guids_size.value] # repeat for all possible GUIDs for index in range(len(GUIDs)): bInterfaceNumber = None g_hdi = SetupDiGetClassDevs( ctypes.byref(GUIDs[index]), None, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT) # was DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE which misses CDC ports devinfo = SP_DEVINFO_DATA() devinfo.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(devinfo) index = 0 while SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(g_hdi, index, ctypes.byref(devinfo)): index += 1 # get the real com port name hkey = SetupDiOpenDevRegKey( g_hdi, ctypes.byref(devinfo), DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL, 0, DIREG_DEV, # DIREG_DRV for SW info KEY_READ) port_name_buffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250) port_name_length = ULONG(ctypes.sizeof(port_name_buffer)) RegQueryValueEx( hkey, "PortName", None, None, ctypes.byref(port_name_buffer), ctypes.byref(port_name_length)) RegCloseKey(hkey) # unfortunately does this method also include parallel ports. # we could check for names starting with COM or just exclude LPT # and hope that other "unknown" names are serial ports... if port_name_buffer.value.startswith('LPT'): continue # hardware ID szHardwareID = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250) # try to get ID that includes serial number if not SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId( g_hdi, ctypes.byref(devinfo), #~ ctypes.byref(szHardwareID), szHardwareID, ctypes.sizeof(szHardwareID) - 1, None): # fall back to more generic hardware ID if that would fail if not SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty( g_hdi, ctypes.byref(devinfo), SPDRP_HARDWAREID, None, ctypes.byref(szHardwareID), ctypes.sizeof(szHardwareID) - 1, None): # Ignore ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER if ctypes.GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: raise ctypes.WinError() # stringify szHardwareID_str = szHardwareID.value info = list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(port_name_buffer.value, skip_link_detection=True) # in case of USB, make a more readable string, similar to that form # that we also generate on other platforms if szHardwareID_str.startswith('USB'): m = re.search(r'VID_([0-9a-f]{4})(&PID_([0-9a-f]{4}))?(&MI_(\d{2}))?(\\(.*))?', szHardwareID_str, re.I) if m: info.vid = int(m.group(1), 16) if m.group(3): info.pid = int(m.group(3), 16) if m.group(5): bInterfaceNumber = int(m.group(5)) # Check that the USB serial number only contains alpha-numeric characters. It # may be a windows device ID (ephemeral ID) for composite devices. if m.group(7) and re.match(r'^\w+$', m.group(7)): info.serial_number = m.group(7) else: info.serial_number = get_parent_serial_number(devinfo.DevInst, info.vid, info.pid) # calculate a location string loc_path_str = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250) if SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty( g_hdi, ctypes.byref(devinfo), SPDRP_LOCATION_PATHS, None, ctypes.byref(loc_path_str), ctypes.sizeof(loc_path_str) - 1, None): m = re.finditer(r'USBROOT\((\w+)\)|#USB\((\w+)\)', loc_path_str.value) location = [] for g in m: if g.group(1): location.append('{:d}'.format(int(g.group(1)) + 1)) else: if len(location) > 1: location.append('.') else: location.append('-') location.append(g.group(2)) if bInterfaceNumber is not None: location.append(':{}.{}'.format( 'x', # XXX how to determine correct bConfigurationValue? bInterfaceNumber)) if location: info.location = ''.join(location) info.hwid = info.usb_info() elif szHardwareID_str.startswith('FTDIBUS'): m = re.search(r'VID_([0-9a-f]{4})\+PID_([0-9a-f]{4})(\+(\w+))?', szHardwareID_str, re.I) if m: info.vid = int(m.group(1), 16) info.pid = int(m.group(2), 16) if m.group(4): info.serial_number = m.group(4) # USB location is hidden by FDTI driver :( info.hwid = info.usb_info() else: info.hwid = szHardwareID_str # friendly name szFriendlyName = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250) if SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty( g_hdi, ctypes.byref(devinfo), SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME, #~ SPDRP_DEVICEDESC, None, ctypes.byref(szFriendlyName), ctypes.sizeof(szFriendlyName) - 1, None): info.description = szFriendlyName.value #~ else: # Ignore ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER #~ if ctypes.GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: #~ raise IOError("failed to get details for %s (%s)" % (devinfo, szHardwareID.value)) # ignore errors and still include the port in the list, friendly name will be same as port name # manufacturer szManufacturer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250) if SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty( g_hdi, ctypes.byref(devinfo), SPDRP_MFG, #~ SPDRP_DEVICEDESC, None, ctypes.byref(szManufacturer), ctypes.sizeof(szManufacturer) - 1, None): info.manufacturer = szManufacturer.value yield info SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(g_hdi) def comports(include_links=False): """Return a list of info objects about serial ports""" return list(iterate_comports()) # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - # test if __name__ == '__main__': for port, desc, hwid in sorted(comports()): print("{}: {} [{}]".format(port, desc, hwid))