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Filename : util.py
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import sys, os
import contextlib
import subprocess

# find_library(name) returns the pathname of a library, or None.
if os.name == "nt":

    def _get_build_version():
        """Return the version of MSVC that was used to build Python.

        For Python 2.3 and up, the version number is included in
        sys.version.  For earlier versions, assume the compiler is MSVC 6.
        """
        # This function was copied from Lib/distutils/msvccompiler.py
        prefix = "MSC v."
        i = sys.version.find(prefix)
        if i == -1:
            return 6
        i = i + len(prefix)
        s, rest = sys.version[i:].split(" ", 1)
        majorVersion = int(s[:-2]) - 6
        if majorVersion >= 13:
            majorVersion += 1
        minorVersion = int(s[2:3]) / 10.0
        # I don't think paths are affected by minor version in version 6
        if majorVersion == 6:
            minorVersion = 0
        if majorVersion >= 6:
            return majorVersion + minorVersion
        # else we don't know what version of the compiler this is
        return None

    def find_msvcrt():
        """Return the name of the VC runtime dll"""
        version = _get_build_version()
        if version is None:
            # better be safe than sorry
            return None
        if version <= 6:
            clibname = 'msvcrt'
        elif version <= 13:
            clibname = 'msvcr%d' % (version * 10)
        else:
            # CRT is no longer directly loadable. See issue23606 for the
            # discussion about alternative approaches.
            return None

        # If python was built with in debug mode
        import importlib.machinery
        if '_d.pyd' in importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES:
            clibname += 'd'
        return clibname+'.dll'

    def find_library(name):
        if name in ('c', 'm'):
            return find_msvcrt()
        # See MSDN for the REAL search order.
        for directory in os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep):
            fname = os.path.join(directory, name)
            if os.path.isfile(fname):
                return fname
            if fname.lower().endswith(".dll"):
                continue
            fname = fname + ".dll"
            if os.path.isfile(fname):
                return fname
        return None

if os.name == "ce":
    # search path according to MSDN:
    # - absolute path specified by filename
    # - The .exe launch directory
    # - the Windows directory
    # - ROM dll files (where are they?)
    # - OEM specified search path: HKLM\Loader\SystemPath
    def find_library(name):
        return name

if os.name == "posix" and sys.platform == "darwin":
    from ctypes.macholib.dyld import dyld_find as _dyld_find
    def find_library(name):
        possible = ['lib%s.dylib' % name,
                    '%s.dylib' % name,
                    '%s.framework/%s' % (name, name)]
        for name in possible:
            try:
                return _dyld_find(name)
            except ValueError:
                continue
        return None

elif os.name == "posix":
    # Andreas Degert's find functions, using gcc, /sbin/ldconfig, objdump
    import re, tempfile

    def _findLib_gcc(name):
        expr = r'[^\(\)\s]*lib%s\.[^\(\)\s]*' % re.escape(name)
        fdout, ccout = tempfile.mkstemp()
        os.close(fdout)
        cmd = 'if type gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then CC=gcc; elif type cc >/dev/null 2>&1; then CC=cc;else exit 10; fi;' \
              'LANG=C LC_ALL=C $CC -Wl,-t -o ' + ccout + ' 2>&1 -l' + name
        try:
            f = os.popen(cmd)
            try:
                trace = f.read()
            finally:
                rv = f.close()
        finally:
            try:
                os.unlink(ccout)
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass
        if rv == 10:
            raise OSError('gcc or cc command not found')
        res = re.search(expr, trace)
        if not res:
            return None
        return res.group(0)


    if sys.platform == "sunos5":
        # use /usr/ccs/bin/dump on solaris
        def _get_soname(f):
            if not f:
                return None
            cmd = "/usr/ccs/bin/dump -Lpv 2>/dev/null " + f
            with contextlib.closing(os.popen(cmd)) as f:
                data = f.read()
            res = re.search(r'\[.*\]\sSONAME\s+([^\s]+)', data)
            if not res:
                return None
            return res.group(1)
    else:
        def _get_soname(f):
            # assuming GNU binutils / ELF
            if not f:
                return None
            cmd = 'if ! type objdump >/dev/null 2>&1; then exit 10; fi;' \
                  "objdump -p -j .dynamic 2>/dev/null " + f
            f = os.popen(cmd)
            try:
                dump = f.read()
            finally:
                rv = f.close()
            if rv == 10:
                raise OSError('objdump command not found')
            res = re.search(r'\sSONAME\s+([^\s]+)', dump)
            if not res:
                return None
            return res.group(1)

    if sys.platform.startswith(("freebsd", "openbsd", "dragonfly")):

        def _num_version(libname):
            # "libxyz.so.MAJOR.MINOR" => [ MAJOR, MINOR ]
            parts = libname.split(".")
            nums = []
            try:
                while parts:
                    nums.insert(0, int(parts.pop()))
            except ValueError:
                pass
            return nums or [ sys.maxsize ]

        def find_library(name):
            ename = re.escape(name)
            expr = r':-l%s\.\S+ => \S*/(lib%s\.\S+)' % (ename, ename)
            with contextlib.closing(os.popen('/sbin/ldconfig -r 2>/dev/null')) as f:
                data = f.read()
            res = re.findall(expr, data)
            if not res:
                return _get_soname(_findLib_gcc(name))
            res.sort(key=_num_version)
            return res[-1]

    elif sys.platform == "sunos5":

        def _findLib_crle(name, is64):
            if not os.path.exists('/usr/bin/crle'):
                return None

            if is64:
                cmd = 'env LC_ALL=C /usr/bin/crle -64 2>/dev/null'
            else:
                cmd = 'env LC_ALL=C /usr/bin/crle 2>/dev/null'

            paths = None
            with contextlib.closing(os.popen(cmd)) as f:
                for line in f.readlines():
                    line = line.strip()
                    if line.startswith('Default Library Path (ELF):'):
                        paths = line.split()[4]

            if not paths:
                return None

            for dir in paths.split(":"):
                libfile = os.path.join(dir, "lib%s.so" % name)
                if os.path.exists(libfile):
                    return libfile

            return None

        def find_library(name, is64 = False):
            return _get_soname(_findLib_crle(name, is64) or _findLib_gcc(name))

    else:

        def _findSoname_ldconfig(name):
            import struct
            # XXX this code assumes that we know all unames and that a single
            # ABI is supported per uname; instead we should find what the
            # ABI is (e.g. check ABI of current process) or simply ask libc
            # to load the library for us
            uname = os.uname()
            # ARM has a variety of unames, e.g. armv7l
            if uname.machine.startswith("arm"):
                machine = "arm"
            if struct.calcsize('l') == 4:
                machine = uname.machine + '-32'
            else:
                machine = uname.machine + '-64'
            mach_map = {
                'x86_64-64': 'libc6,x86-64',
                'ppc64-64': 'libc6,64bit',
                'sparc64-64': 'libc6,64bit',
                's390x-64': 'libc6,64bit',
                'ia64-64': 'libc6,IA-64',
                # this actually breaks on biarch or multiarch as the first
                # library wins; uname doesn't tell us which ABI we're using
                'arm-32': 'libc6(,hard-float)?',
                }
            abi_type = mach_map.get(machine, 'libc6')

            # XXX assuming GLIBC's ldconfig (with option -p)
            regex = os.fsencode(
                '\s+(lib%s\.[^\s]+)\s+\(%s' % (re.escape(name), abi_type))
            try:
                with subprocess.Popen(['/sbin/ldconfig', '-p'],
                                      stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                                      stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                                      stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                                      env={'LC_ALL': 'C', 'LANG': 'C'}) as p:
                    res = re.search(regex, p.stdout.read())
                    if res:
                        return os.fsdecode(res.group(1))
            except OSError:
                pass

        def find_library(name):
            return _findSoname_ldconfig(name) or _get_soname(_findLib_gcc(name))

################################################################
# test code

def test():
    from ctypes import cdll
    if os.name == "nt":
        print(cdll.msvcrt)
        print(cdll.load("msvcrt"))
        print(find_library("msvcrt"))

    if os.name == "posix":
        # find and load_version
        print(find_library("m"))
        print(find_library("c"))
        print(find_library("bz2"))

        # getattr
##        print cdll.m
##        print cdll.bz2

        # load
        if sys.platform == "darwin":
            print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.dylib"))
            print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypto.dylib"))
            print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libSystem.dylib"))
            print(cdll.LoadLibrary("System.framework/System"))
        else:
            print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.so"))
            print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypt.so"))
            print(find_library("crypt"))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    test()