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from __future__ import absolute_import from contextlib import contextmanager import zlib import io import logging from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout from socket import error as SocketError try: import brotli except ImportError: brotli = None from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict from .exceptions import ( BodyNotHttplibCompatible, ProtocolError, DecodeError, ReadTimeoutError, ResponseNotChunked, IncompleteRead, InvalidHeader, ) from six import string_types as basestring, PY3 from six.moves import http_client as httplib from .connection import HTTPException, BaseSSLError from .util.response import is_fp_closed, is_response_to_head log = logging.getLogger(__name__) class DeflateDecoder(object): def __init__(self): self._first_try = True self._data = b"" self._obj = zlib.decompressobj() def __getattr__(self, name): return getattr(self._obj, name) def decompress(self, data): if not data: return data if not self._first_try: return self._obj.decompress(data) self._data += data try: decompressed = self._obj.decompress(data) if decompressed: self._first_try = False self._data = None return decompressed except zlib.error: self._first_try = False self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(-zlib.MAX_WBITS) try: return self.decompress(self._data) finally: self._data = None class GzipDecoderState(object): FIRST_MEMBER = 0 OTHER_MEMBERS = 1 SWALLOW_DATA = 2 class GzipDecoder(object): def __init__(self): self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS) self._state = GzipDecoderState.FIRST_MEMBER def __getattr__(self, name): return getattr(self._obj, name) def decompress(self, data): ret = bytearray() if self._state == GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA or not data: return bytes(ret) while True: try: ret += self._obj.decompress(data) except zlib.error: previous_state = self._state # Ignore data after the first error self._state = GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA if previous_state == GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS: # Allow trailing garbage acceptable in other gzip clients return bytes(ret) raise data = self._obj.unused_data if not data: return bytes(ret) self._state = GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS) if brotli is not None: class BrotliDecoder(object): # Supports both 'brotlipy' and 'Brotli' packages # since they share an import name. The top branches # are for 'brotlipy' and bottom branches for 'Brotli' def __init__(self): self._obj = brotli.Decompressor() def decompress(self, data): if hasattr(self._obj, "decompress"): return self._obj.decompress(data) return self._obj.process(data) def flush(self): if hasattr(self._obj, "flush"): return self._obj.flush() return b"" class MultiDecoder(object): """ From RFC7231: If one or more encodings have been applied to a representation, the sender that applied the encodings MUST generate a Content-Encoding header field that lists the content codings in the order in which they were applied. """ def __init__(self, modes): self._decoders = [_get_decoder(m.strip()) for m in modes.split(",")] def flush(self): return self._decoders[0].flush() def decompress(self, data): for d in reversed(self._decoders): data = d.decompress(data) return data def _get_decoder(mode): if "," in mode: return MultiDecoder(mode) if mode == "gzip": return GzipDecoder() if brotli is not None and mode == "br": return BrotliDecoder() return DeflateDecoder() class HTTPResponse(io.IOBase): """ HTTP Response container. Backwards-compatible to httplib's HTTPResponse but the response ``body`` is loaded and decoded on-demand when the ``data`` property is accessed. This class is also compatible with the Python standard library's :mod:`io` module, and can hence be treated as a readable object in the context of that framework. Extra parameters for behaviour not present in httplib.HTTPResponse: :param preload_content: If True, the response's body will be preloaded during construction. :param decode_content: If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the 'content-encoding' header. :param original_response: When this HTTPResponse wrapper is generated from an httplib.HTTPResponse object, it's convenient to include the original for debug purposes. It's otherwise unused. :param retries: The retries contains the last :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry` that was used during the request. :param enforce_content_length: Enforce content length checking. Body returned by server must match value of Content-Length header, if present. Otherwise, raise error. """ CONTENT_DECODERS = ["gzip", "deflate"] if brotli is not None: CONTENT_DECODERS += ["br"] REDIRECT_STATUSES = [301, 302, 303, 307, 308] def __init__( self, body="", headers=None, status=0, version=0, reason=None, strict=0, preload_content=True, decode_content=True, original_response=None, pool=None, connection=None, msg=None, retries=None, enforce_content_length=False, request_method=None, request_url=None, auto_close=True, ): if isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict): self.headers = headers else: self.headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers) self.status = status self.version = version self.reason = reason self.strict = strict self.decode_content = decode_content self.retries = retries self.enforce_content_length = enforce_content_length self.auto_close = auto_close self._decoder = None self._body = None self._fp = None self._original_response = original_response self._fp_bytes_read = 0 self.msg = msg self._request_url = request_url if body and isinstance(body, (basestring, bytes)): self._body = body self._pool = pool self._connection = connection if hasattr(body, "read"): self._fp = body # Are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding? self.chunked = False self.chunk_left = None tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding", "").lower() # Don't incur the penalty of creating a list and then discarding it encodings = (enc.strip() for enc in tr_enc.split(",")) if "chunked" in encodings: self.chunked = True # Determine length of response self.length_remaining = self._init_length(request_method) # If requested, preload the body. if preload_content and not self._body: self._body = self.read(decode_content=decode_content) def get_redirect_location(self): """ Should we redirect and where to? :returns: Truthy redirect location string if we got a redirect status code and valid location. ``None`` if redirect status and no location. ``False`` if not a redirect status code. """ if self.status in self.REDIRECT_STATUSES: return self.headers.get("location") return False def release_conn(self): if not self._pool or not self._connection: return self._pool._put_conn(self._connection) self._connection = None @property def data(self): # For backwords-compat with earlier urllib3 0.4 and earlier. if self._body: return self._body if self._fp: return self.read(cache_content=True) @property def connection(self): return self._connection def isclosed(self): return is_fp_closed(self._fp) def tell(self): """ Obtain the number of bytes pulled over the wire so far. May differ from the amount of content returned by :meth:``HTTPResponse.read`` if bytes are encoded on the wire (e.g, compressed). """ return self._fp_bytes_read def _init_length(self, request_method): """ Set initial length value for Response content if available. """ length = self.headers.get("content-length") if length is not None: if self.chunked: # This Response will fail with an IncompleteRead if it can't be # received as chunked. This method falls back to attempt reading # the response before raising an exception. log.warning( "Received response with both Content-Length and " "Transfer-Encoding set. This is expressly forbidden " "by RFC 7230 sec 3.3.2. Ignoring Content-Length and " "attempting to process response as Transfer-Encoding: " "chunked." ) return None try: # RFC 7230 section 3.3.2 specifies multiple content lengths can # be sent in a single Content-Length header # (e.g. Content-Length: 42, 42). This line ensures the values # are all valid ints and that as long as the `set` length is 1, # all values are the same. Otherwise, the header is invalid. lengths = set([int(val) for val in length.split(",")]) if len(lengths) > 1: raise InvalidHeader( "Content-Length contained multiple " "unmatching values (%s)" % length ) length = lengths.pop() except ValueError: length = None else: if length < 0: length = None # Convert status to int for comparison # In some cases, httplib returns a status of "_UNKNOWN" try: status = int(self.status) except ValueError: status = 0 # Check for responses that shouldn't include a body if status in (204, 304) or 100 <= status < 200 or request_method == "HEAD": length = 0 return length def _init_decoder(self): """ Set-up the _decoder attribute if necessary. """ # Note: content-encoding value should be case-insensitive, per RFC 7230 # Section 3.2 content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower() if self._decoder is None: if content_encoding in self.CONTENT_DECODERS: self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding) elif "," in content_encoding: encodings = [ e.strip() for e in content_encoding.split(",") if e.strip() in self.CONTENT_DECODERS ] if len(encodings): self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding) DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES = (IOError, zlib.error) if brotli is not None: DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES += (brotli.error,) def _decode(self, data, decode_content, flush_decoder): """ Decode the data passed in and potentially flush the decoder. """ if not decode_content: return data try: if self._decoder: data = self._decoder.decompress(data) except self.DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES as e: content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower() raise DecodeError( "Received response with content-encoding: %s, but " "failed to decode it." % content_encoding, e, ) if flush_decoder: data += self._flush_decoder() return data def _flush_decoder(self): """ Flushes the decoder. Should only be called if the decoder is actually being used. """ if self._decoder: buf = self._decoder.decompress(b"") return buf + self._decoder.flush() return b"" @contextmanager def _error_catcher(self): """ Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3 variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the high-level api. On exit, release the connection back to the pool. """ clean_exit = False try: try: yield except SocketTimeout: # FIXME: Ideally we'd like to include the url in the ReadTimeoutError but # there is yet no clean way to get at it from this context. raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.") except BaseSSLError as e: # FIXME: Is there a better way to differentiate between SSLErrors? if "read operation timed out" not in str(e): # Defensive: # This shouldn't happen but just in case we're missing an edge # case, let's avoid swallowing SSL errors. raise raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.") except (HTTPException, SocketError) as e: # This includes IncompleteRead. raise ProtocolError("Connection broken: %r" % e, e) # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up # unnecessarily. clean_exit = True finally: # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our # connection. if not clean_exit: # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is # released back to the pool. if self._original_response: self._original_response.close() # Closing the response may not actually be sufficient to close # everything, so if we have a hold of the connection close that # too. if self._connection: self._connection.close() # If we hold the original response but it's closed now, we should # return the connection back to the pool. if self._original_response and self._original_response.isclosed(): self.release_conn() def read(self, amt=None, decode_content=None, cache_content=False): """ Similar to :meth:`httplib.HTTPResponse.read`, but with two additional parameters: ``decode_content`` and ``cache_content``. :param amt: How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full response. :param decode_content: If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the 'content-encoding' header. :param cache_content: If True, will save the returned data such that the same result is returned despite of the state of the underlying file object. This is useful if you want the ``.data`` property to continue working after having ``.read()`` the file object. (Overridden if ``amt`` is set.) """ self._init_decoder() if decode_content is None: decode_content = self.decode_content if self._fp is None: return flush_decoder = False fp_closed = getattr(self._fp, "closed", False) with self._error_catcher(): if amt is None: # cStringIO doesn't like amt=None data = self._fp.read() if not fp_closed else b"" flush_decoder = True else: cache_content = False data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b"" if ( amt != 0 and not data ): # Platform-specific: Buggy versions of Python. # Close the connection when no data is returned # # This is redundant to what httplib/http.client _should_ # already do. However, versions of python released before # December 15, 2012 (http://bugs.python.org/issue16298) do # not properly close the connection in all cases. There is # no harm in redundantly calling close. self._fp.close() flush_decoder = True if self.enforce_content_length and self.length_remaining not in ( 0, None, ): # This is an edge case that httplib failed to cover due # to concerns of backward compatibility. We're # addressing it here to make sure IncompleteRead is # raised during streaming, so all calls with incorrect # Content-Length are caught. raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining) if data: self._fp_bytes_read += len(data) if self.length_remaining is not None: self.length_remaining -= len(data) data = self._decode(data, decode_content, flush_decoder) if cache_content: self._body = data return data def stream(self, amt=2 ** 16, decode_content=None): """ A generator wrapper for the read() method. A call will block until ``amt`` bytes have been read from the connection or until the connection is closed. :param amt: How much of the content to read. The generator will return up to much data per iteration, but may return less. This is particularly likely when using compressed data. However, the empty string will never be returned. :param decode_content: If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the 'content-encoding' header. """ if self.chunked and self.supports_chunked_reads(): for line in self.read_chunked(amt, decode_content=decode_content): yield line else: while not is_fp_closed(self._fp): data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content) if data: yield data @classmethod def from_httplib(ResponseCls, r, **response_kw): """ Given an :class:`httplib.HTTPResponse` instance ``r``, return a corresponding :class:`urllib3.response.HTTPResponse` object. Remaining parameters are passed to the HTTPResponse constructor, along with ``original_response=r``. """ headers = r.msg if not isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict): if PY3: headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers.items()) else: # Python 2.7 headers = HTTPHeaderDict.from_httplib(headers) # HTTPResponse objects in Python 3 don't have a .strict attribute strict = getattr(r, "strict", 0) resp = ResponseCls( body=r, headers=headers, status=r.status, version=r.version, reason=r.reason, strict=strict, original_response=r, **response_kw ) return resp # Backwards-compatibility methods for httplib.HTTPResponse def getheaders(self): return self.headers def getheader(self, name, default=None): return self.headers.get(name, default) # Backwards compatibility for http.cookiejar def info(self): return self.headers # Overrides from io.IOBase def close(self): if not self.closed: self._fp.close() if self._connection: self._connection.close() if not self.auto_close: io.IOBase.close(self) @property def closed(self): if not self.auto_close: return io.IOBase.closed.__get__(self) elif self._fp is None: return True elif hasattr(self._fp, "isclosed"): return self._fp.isclosed() elif hasattr(self._fp, "closed"): return self._fp.closed else: return True def fileno(self): if self._fp is None: raise IOError("HTTPResponse has no file to get a fileno from") elif hasattr(self._fp, "fileno"): return self._fp.fileno() else: raise IOError( "The file-like object this HTTPResponse is wrapped " "around has no file descriptor" ) def flush(self): if ( self._fp is not None and hasattr(self._fp, "flush") and not getattr(self._fp, "closed", False) ): return self._fp.flush() def readable(self): # This method is required for `io` module compatibility. return True def readinto(self, b): # This method is required for `io` module compatibility. temp = self.read(len(b)) if len(temp) == 0: return 0 else: b[: len(temp)] = temp return len(temp) def supports_chunked_reads(self): """ Checks if the underlying file-like object looks like a httplib.HTTPResponse object. We do this by testing for the fp attribute. If it is present we assume it returns raw chunks as processed by read_chunked(). """ return hasattr(self._fp, "fp") def _update_chunk_length(self): # First, we'll figure out length of a chunk and then # we'll try to read it from socket. if self.chunk_left is not None: return line = self._fp.fp.readline() line = line.split(b";", 1)[0] try: self.chunk_left = int(line, 16) except ValueError: # Invalid chunked protocol response, abort. self.close() raise httplib.IncompleteRead(line) def _handle_chunk(self, amt): returned_chunk = None if amt is None: chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left) returned_chunk = chunk self._fp._safe_read(2) # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk. self.chunk_left = None elif amt < self.chunk_left: value = self._fp._safe_read(amt) self.chunk_left = self.chunk_left - amt returned_chunk = value elif amt == self.chunk_left: value = self._fp._safe_read(amt) self._fp._safe_read(2) # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk. self.chunk_left = None returned_chunk = value else: # amt > self.chunk_left returned_chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left) self._fp._safe_read(2) # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk. self.chunk_left = None return returned_chunk def read_chunked(self, amt=None, decode_content=None): """ Similar to :meth:`HTTPResponse.read`, but with an additional parameter: ``decode_content``. :param amt: How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full response. :param decode_content: If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the 'content-encoding' header. """ self._init_decoder() # FIXME: Rewrite this method and make it a class with a better structured logic. if not self.chunked: raise ResponseNotChunked( "Response is not chunked. " "Header 'transfer-encoding: chunked' is missing." ) if not self.supports_chunked_reads(): raise BodyNotHttplibCompatible( "Body should be httplib.HTTPResponse like. " "It should have have an fp attribute which returns raw chunks." ) with self._error_catcher(): # Don't bother reading the body of a HEAD request. if self._original_response and is_response_to_head(self._original_response): self._original_response.close() return # If a response is already read and closed # then return immediately. if self._fp.fp is None: return while True: self._update_chunk_length() if self.chunk_left == 0: break chunk = self._handle_chunk(amt) decoded = self._decode( chunk, decode_content=decode_content, flush_decoder=False ) if decoded: yield decoded if decode_content: # On CPython and PyPy, we should never need to flush the # decoder. However, on Jython we *might* need to, so # lets defensively do it anyway. decoded = self._flush_decoder() if decoded: # Platform-specific: Jython. yield decoded # Chunk content ends with \r\n: discard it. while True: line = self._fp.fp.readline() if not line: # Some sites may not end with '\r\n'. break if line == b"\r\n": break # We read everything; close the "file". if self._original_response: self._original_response.close() def geturl(self): """ Returns the URL that was the source of this response. If the request that generated this response redirected, this method will return the final redirect location. """ if self.retries is not None and len(self.retries.history): return self.retries.history[-1].redirect_location else: return self._request_url def __iter__(self): buffer = [] for chunk in self.stream(decode_content=True): if b"\n" in chunk: chunk = chunk.split(b"\n") yield b"".join(buffer) + chunk[0] + b"\n" for x in chunk[1:-1]: yield x + b"\n" if chunk[-1]: buffer = [chunk[-1]] else: buffer = [] else: buffer.append(chunk) if buffer: yield b"".join(buffer)